Combine the scotch bonnet peppers, garlic, green onions, fresh ginger, thyme, ground allspice, cinnamon, nutmeg, black pepper, salt, brown sugar, soy sauce, oil, lime juice, and apple cider vinegar in a blender or food processor.
Blend on high until a smooth, slightly thick paste forms, about 60 seconds. Taste and adjust salt or lime juice as needed.
Use a sharp knife to score each piece of chicken, making 2-3 deep cuts through the skin and into the meat. This allows the marinade to penetrate deeply.
Place the chicken pieces in a large zip-top bag or baking dish. Pour the jerk marinade over the chicken and turn to coat thoroughly on all sides, pressing the marinade into the scored cuts.
Seal or cover and refrigerate for a minimum of 4 hours, and ideally overnight or up to 48 hours. The longer, the better.
Remove the chicken from the refrigerator 30 minutes before cooking to take the chill off. Preheat your grill to medium heat (325-350°F), setting up for indirect cooking.
Place the chicken skin-side up over the indirect heat zone. Close the lid and cook for 30-35 minutes until the internal temperature reaches 155°F.
Move the chicken to direct heat. Grill skin-side down for 5-7 minutes until the skin is charred and caramelized. Flip and cook 3-4 more minutes. The internal temperature should reach 165°F.
Transfer to a cutting board and rest for 5 minutes before serving.
Preheat oven to 425°F. Place a wire rack over a foil-lined baking sheet. Arrange the marinated chicken pieces skin-side up on the rack.
Roast for 38-42 minutes until the internal temperature reaches 165°F and the skin is beginning to crisp and darken.
Switch the oven to broil and broil for 4-5 minutes until the skin is charred and caramelized, watching carefully to avoid burning.
Rest for 5 minutes before serving with lime wedges and fresh thyme.
Notes
Marinate time: Not included in total time — plan for at least 4 hours and up to 48 hours for best results. Heat level: Remove seeds from scotch bonnets for mild, keep seeds for full heat. Storage: Leftovers keep in an airtight container in the fridge for up to 4 days. Reheat covered in a 325°F oven with a splash of water or broth. Freezing: Freeze raw marinated chicken for up to 3 months — thaw overnight in the fridge before cooking. Gluten-free: Substitute tamari for soy sauce.